2. Task. Lexical exercises with new vocabulary (робота з новою лексикою по темі) Усно!!!
Name the English equivalents of the words below.
Тваринництво, розводити, порода, утримувати, трава, поживний, молочна худоба, м’ясна худоба, м'ясо-молочна худоба, свині, вівці, м'ясо, молоко, фураж, пасовище, сіно, силос, солома, корова, бик, телятко, ягня, порося, корівник, свинарник, доїти, мати моціон, догляд, утримання.
3.Task. Read and translate the text
System of bull management
The best way of keeping the bull is to have a small separate barn with pasture of one or two acres where he can take exercise. Manger and water supply are to be provided in the barn.
4. Task. "Theory of translation" . Теорія перекладу. Перекласти речення ПИСЬМОВО !!
1. Dairy cows are milked with special machines.
13 April 2021
Тема: Modern farm
Task 1. Translate into English:
Молочні корови, норовиста чи покірна, доїти двічі на день, охолоджена цистерна, щоб молоко залишалось холодним, коли корова отелиться, впливати на виробництво молока, раптовий візит, що слід покращити, вирощувати кукурудзу та люцерну, скоротити використання штучних добрив, пестициди та
гербіциди, необхідні поживні речовини, додаткове зерно з високим вмістом білка, ланцюг навколо шиї, сучасне обладнання.
Task 2. Match the following English words with their definition:
1) farm 2)dairy 3)to milk 4) tank 5)trailer 6)barn 7)herd 8)equipment | a) covered building for keeping animals b) container for liquid or gas c) area of land and buildings for growing crops, raising animals etc. d) raised to produce milk e) number of animals (esp. cattle) feeding or going about together f) things needed for a particular purpose g) draw milk from the cow h) transport vehicle pulled by a tractor |
Task 3. Use one of the following collective nouns from the word box to express the same:
a school, a flock, a herd, a pack, a swarm |
1. A number of cows or bulls is a ….
2. A number of sheep is a ….
3. A number of flies or other insects is a ….
4. A group of elephants is a ….
5. A number of dogs or wolves is a ….
6. A group of fish is a ….
Task 4. Would you like to know how to call other animals and birds when they are together? Then match each animal with its collective noun:
2) A charm of b)geese
3) A colony c) caterpillars
4) An exaltation of d) owls
5) A gaggle of e) finches
6) A mob of f)peacocks
7) A murder of g) whales
8) An ostentation of h) kangaroo
9) A parliament of i) penguins
10) A pod of j) larks
06 April 2021
a school, a flock, a herd, a pack, a swarm |
30 March 2021
Тема: Learning to farm
Task 1. Match the words in the left column with their definitions in the right one:
1) livestock | a) using (Land) for growing crops , raising animals |
2) trap | b) group of animals or plants having similar characteristics |
3) species | c) farm animals kept for use or profit |
4) hunting | d) the art or practice of farming |
5) farming | e) device for catching animals |
6) agriculture | f) going after (wild animals) for food or for sport |
Task 2. Fill in the gaps with the words given in the box:
hunting, settled, permanent, houses, sources of food, wandering life, clay ports, wild plants and seeds, to grow
|
Learning to farm
For some of the first Americans, the end of the Ice Age meant the end of a life based on 1) __________. After thousands of years, the big animals disappeared. Now people had to find new 2) __________. Gradually they learned to gather and cook 3) __________. Some of them learned how 4) _____ their favorite plants.
As farmers learned to grow more food, they gave up 5) ______ of the gatherer They 6) _______ in villages near their fields and built 7) __________. Once settled, they began to make 8) ________ that were too heavy for them to carry when they wandered from place to place.
Task 3. Put questions using the question words in brackets:
1) The last representative of the wild cattle died at the beginning of the century. (When).
2) Domesticated cattle belong to the family of Bovid. (What family).
3) Man domesticated the horse in Central Asia. (Where).
4) Draft animals practically disappeared. (Why).
5) Man domesticated animals for three main purposes. (How many).
6) Man uses cattle mostly for food now.(What … for).
7) Man gained great experience in improving farm animals.(What experience).
7. Task 4. Translate into English:
1) Більшість типів ферм виробляють їжу.
2) Молочні ферми отримують молоко, масло, сир від корів, що пасуться на пасовиськах.
3) Молочні ферми зазвичай розташовані недалеко від великих міст, щоб молоко вчасно потрапляло на кухні до людей.
4) Розвиток сільського господарства залежить від цілеспрямованості молодих спеціалістів
19 March 2021
Тема: Animal husbandry
Task 1. Do the quiz
https://naurok.com.ua/test/join?gamecode=8089461
Task 2. Write down the new words on the topic
perhaps можливо
to pick збирати
hunting полювання
ancestors пращури
dung підживлювати
trap капкан
to fence off обгороджувати
species види
nonhierarchical неієрархічний
to exploit використовувати to prosper процвітати
Perhaps the most important event in human evolution was the start of farming. About 10, 000 years ago, modern humans stopped picking wild fruits and vegetables and began to grow their own food. Hunting was also dying out as people began to breed their own livestock.
What caused this change? Did our genetic ancestors notice vegetables growing out of animal dung hips and so realize that food could be planted? Did they realize that their traps for catching animals could be used to fence off livestock?
Some scientists think that agriculture began when the world’s climate changed about 10,000 to 15,000 years ago. The climatic change caused a great change in certain species of plants. New forms of plants began to appear and people realized that they could be grown.
Whatever caused it, agriculture changed hunter-gatherer people into farmers. People developed more complicated behavior and learned to do a wide variety of other things.
But agriculture did cause some problems. The new farmers soon lost the variety of their diet. Before farming started people lived on a diet of around 150 species of seed food. About 1000 years later, they were using only seven or eight species. People’s health declined, but as there was plenty of food available, the population increased. This made the problem worse.
Farming also had a big effect on people’s social relationships. Hunter-gatherer societies were nonhierarchical. They did not have leaders. Farming caused strong hierarchical societies to develop. The minority could exploit the majority and live off them as parasites.
From this changeover from hunter-gatherer to farmer we can see the remarkable side of humans – we are able to adapt to changes and prosper under very different conditions.
1. Task 4. Answer
1. What do you think was the most important event in human evolution?
2. When did the period of farming begin?
3. Why was hunting dying out?
4. What caused the development of farming?
5. How did the climatic change cause the development of agriculture?
6. How did agriculture change people?
7. What problems did agriculture cause?
12 March 2021
Тема: Significant grain crops: barley
Task 1. Read and translate the text
1. Barley prefers well-drained soils, light to medium in texture with a high pH. When fertility is high and weather conditions are favorable high yielding crops of good quality are obtained. Since the grain yield with barley is likely to be higher than with oats and due to its better feeding value, it has replaced the traditional oat crop on many dairy farms in Britain.
2. When barley is grown in the wetter areas of Britain, it does best when the rainfall is below normal and when sunshine hours are higher than usual. Low rainfall in April and early May and cool weather in May is required for high yields. High rainfall in the previous winter appeared detrimental and warm dry weather was required during ripening.
3. Winter barley is often sown after early harvested sugar beet on the lighter soils, since seedbeds can often be easily and quickly prepared for sowing in October and November. Spring barley may follow almost any other crop. Spring barley is the most commonly chosen crop since it appears least affected by disease. Barleys are concerned to have high protein content in phase.
Task 2. Fill in the gaps with necessary words from the text: (Письмово!!)
1. Good weather is ... for high yields.
2. The yield of barley is easily ... by application of fertilizers.
3. The ... from the previous crop should be turned under.
4. Spring barley is the most … chosen crop.
5. The depth of plugging might be… to four inches.
6. The time of sowing is very….
7. Winter barley is often sown after early … sugar beet.
05 March 2021
Тема: Significant grain crops: maiz
R Task 1. Read and translate the text.
Maiz
Soil Requirements. Successful, maize cultivation is more frequently and more easily achieved on soils, which are of medium texture. As the soils become lighter the greater is the chance of their ―drying out‖ in midsummer. The very light sandy soils should be avoided. The maize land should be free draining in order that as much of the heat as possible is employed in raising soil temperatures and not removing excess of soil moisture. The soil should be naturally free draining to enable a full rooting system to develop in a plentiful supply of oxygen.
Application of Fertilizers. It has been suggested that phosphate and potash should be applied to the land well in advance of drilling and the nitrogen incorporated into the seedbed just prior to drilling, otherwise much of it would be lost by leaching.
Cultivation. With a more extensive and deeper rooting system than the other cereals, maize will require deeper plugging, cultivations and seedbeds to obtain maximum growth. Autumn plugging is advisable on stronger soils and it may be left until the early spring when textures are light. Cultivations which follow should be to a depth of 4-5 inches.
Seeding. Minimum temperatures for growth of maize are around 50° F (10° C) and thus early spring sowings are of little value except when the soils are warmer than usual. When the average t° is over 50° F the emergence of maize will take approximately two weeks. Late spring frosts can also be damaging to seedling maize.
Sunshine and Solar Energy. Little is said and written about sunshine and solar energy requirements with this cereal. It is, however, assumed that for satisfactory growth and ripening of the crop high levels of bright sunshine are required.
Task 2. Fill in the gaps with necessary words from the text:
1. When there is not enough potassium in the soil, we say the soil is ... in potassium.
2. ... is the process which removes excess of soil moisture.
3. Best yields of maize are achieved on soils of medium ... and high ....
4. Nitrogen fertilizer should be... into the soil, otherwise much of it will be lost by ...
5. Cultivations and ... help to control... .
6. The average temperature for the ... of maize is over fifty degrees F.
Task 3. Which statement doesn’t correspond to the text make necessary changes:
2. They recommend that maize land should be free draining.
3. It' s necessary that the students know different varieties.
4. It is not desirable that maize be planted in warm soil.
5. Chemical means are seldom used in weed control.
6. To obtain quick germination the seed-bed must be fine.
19 February 2021
Тема: Oats
Soil. The cultivation of oats may take place on a wide range of soil types with a reasonable degree of success. Oats can be found on all the light to medium soils in the higher rainfall areas and will give high yielding crops of good quality. They can also produce good crops on some of the heavier soils, clay and silts.
Climate. The oat crop is particularly suited to the cooler, more humid climate as a result the grains have plenty of time to fill out to produce good plump samples. Oat crops which do not suffer through lack of moisture will produce high grain yields of good quality and on the average the straw will weigh slightly more than the grain.
Seedbed Preparation. Oats are said to be the best cereal to follow the plugging up of grassland. Plugging depths should be 6 inches except where grass or surface trash need to be buried deeper and then 8–9 inches plough depths may be required.
Drilling. Optimum drilling depth with oats lies in the region of 1.5-2 in. When seed-beds have an irregular surface tilt, drilling depth becomes uneven and in order to ensure that all the seed is covered. Drilling in autumn tends to be at slightly lower depths than in spring on account of the rougher soil surface. Early spring drilling may also go in deeper than normal in an attempt to reduce losses through bird activity. The two main advantages of combine drilling are firstly, the seed and fertilizer go on in one operation and secondly, it is possible to obtain maximum benefit from the minimum amount of fertilizer.
Harvest. It has been pointed out that for straw to have additional feeding value the crop should be cut early and this will mean hindering one or two weeks before full ripeness. Very tall crops may be cut earlier than usual to make the harvesting easier and to avoid risks of late lodging. Some people suppose the best time to cut a good standing crop of oats is a few days before it is fully ripe.
Windrow Harvesting. Oats have been said to shatter more easily, high winds (when the crop is ripe) resulting in extensive loss of grain. It is a two-stage harvesting technique designed to allow the crop to be cut earlier than with direct combining. The first operation involves cutting the crop with a windrower to lay it evenly on high stubble, well off the ground. A combine harvester fitted with a pick-up attachment several days later when the straw and grain have dried out gathers this windrow.
Combine Harvesting. The advantages of combining the crop lie firstly in the speed at which the operation can be carried out. Secondly grain losses can be kept to a minimum and thirdly it is possible to save lodged crops which would be extremely difficult by any other means. The grain should be left to dry out as far as possible in the field to reduce artificial drying costs, but not at the expense of grain losses.
1. Task 2.
1. Oats produce good yields on all kinds of soil.
2. The usual depth of plugging oat land is 9 inches.
3. Oats grow better in hot climates.
4. Drilling in autumn is lower than in spring.
5. Very tall crops are cut later than usual.
6. Combine harvesting is decreasing.
2. Task 3. Match a question with a short answer.(Зєднайте)
1.
medium soils?
2. Is the oat crop particularly suited to the cooler, b) No, they won’t.
less humid climate?
3. Does the straw weigh slightly more c) No, it isn’t.
than the grain?
4. Will oat crops which suffer through lack of d) Yes, it does.
moisture produce high grain yields?
5. Should the crop be cut early to have additional e) Yes, it can.
feeding value?
6. Does drilling in spring tends to be at slightly f) No, it doesn’t.
lower depths than in autumn?
3. Task 4. Which is the correct expression? (оберіть правильне слово)
1. To grow well oats need much/many rainfall.
2. The grains have many/plenty of time to fill out to produce good plump samples.
3. The best time to cut a good standing crop of oats is a little/a few days before it is fully ripe.
4. They can also produce good crops on some/any of the heavier soils, clay and silts.
5. There are many/much advantages of gathering crops by a combine.
6. The grain should be left for a few/a little time to dry out.
4
22 January 2021
Тема: Cereal or grain crops.
Зернові культури.
Task 1. Vocabulary (запишіть нові слова з перекладом)
grass family сімейство трав’яних
valuable цінний
temperate zone помірна зона
to be seeded сіятися
to be considered вважатися
relatively відносно
moderately помірно
mellow м’який
moisture вологість
1. Task 2. Read and translate the text. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст - УСНО!!!
Cereals are those members of the grass family which produce edible seed. Wheat, barley, rye, oats, corn and rice are known to be the most common and most valuable cereals. The cereals grown in the temperate zone are known as small grains. They are wheat, barley, oats and rye. They are to be seeded in spring or early summer and mature in the fall.
Of the cereals raised wheat, rice and corn are the world three most important grain crops. Although rice is the main food of more people, wheat is the first in importance as to the area sown and the total annual production.
There are some reasons why cereals are considered to be the men’s leading food source. They produce food in a relatively short period of time, for they are annuals. In addition, they are adapted well to different soil and climatic conditions. Cultural practices required in growing grain crops are quite similar. Grain is easily drilled, harvested, cleaned and stored. All these operations are known to be highly mechanized.
For cereals to grow well they are to be grown on moderately fine and mellow seedbed supplied with enough moisture.
Though cereals do not supply much protein and vitamins, they are believed to remain a major source of food for people.
Task 3. Answer the questions ПИСЬМОВО!!
1. Denote the biological function of cereals.
2.
3. What do we suppose under the term “small grains”?
4. What are the three most important grain crops?
5. Why are cereals the main food for people?
6. What cultural practices are highly mechanized in growing cereals?
7. What seedbed do cereals require?
Task 4. Divide the following words into three columns according to the usage of the suffix – er.
Grower, winter, warmer, planter, finer, other, roller, producer, water, colder, flower, proper, fertilizer, member.
Noun (man or machine) | Adjective (comparative) | The part of the word |
|
|
|
Task 5. Translate the sentences into English. Перекладіть на англ мову. - ПИСЬМОВО!!
1.
2. Зернові вважаються провідним ресурсом їжі для людей.
3. Достатня вологість та м’який грунт важливі для отримання хорошого врожаю.
4. Більшість фермерських операцій механізовані.
5. Зернові не забезпечують організм людини достатньою кількістю білків та вітамін
15 January 2021
Тема: Classification of field crops.
Класифікація польових культур.
Task 1. Write down the new words (запишіть нові слова)
cultivated crops культури, що просапуються
wheat пшениця
barley ячмінь
rye жито
oats овес
rice рис
legumes бобові
bean квасоля (бобові)
hay сіно
silage силос
annual однорічний
biennial дворічний
cereal crop зернова (хлібна) культура
cultivate обробляти, культивувати
forage crop фуражна (кормова) культура
growing season вегетаційний період )
pasture пасовище
perennial багаторічний
duration тривалість
edible їстівний
soybean соя
Task 2. Read and translate the text.УСНО!!!
Crops are variously grouped and classified. They may be classified as cultivated crops such as potatoes and corn or as non-cultivated crops such as wheat or barley.
Crops may also be grouped according to the duration of their growth. Annual crops complete their life cycle in one growing season. Biennials require two seasons to produce seed. Perennials grow for more than two seasons, producing seed each year.
According to their use field crops may be classified into many groups. The most important of them are:
1) Cereal or Grain Crops. A cereal is a grass grown for its edible grain. Wheat, corn, rye, barley, oats and rice are to be mentioned as the most important grain crops.
2) Legumes for Seed. The principal legumes grown for seed are field peas, field beans and soybeans. Sometimes the aim of growing them is to improve soil fertility because they are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen through the bacteria living on their roots.
3) Forage crops. These are the crops used as feed for farm animals in the form of pasture, hay or silage. Most of them are perennials.
4) Root crops. Unlike cereals root crops are grown because of the food value of their roots. There are many root crops grown by man. they are sugar beets, carrots, radishes and others. They are biennials.
5) Tuber crops. The most important tuber crop cultivated throughout the world is potato. Like root crops they are biennials but people grow them as annuals.
Task 3. Answer the questions( письмово!!!)
a)
b) What is a biennial crop?
c) For how many years does alfalfa grow?
d) Do perennial crops produce seeds each season?
e) Why do legumes increase soil fertility?
f) What root crops do you know?
g) Is potato a biennial crop?
Task 4. Fill the chart according to the text.
Grain crops | Legumes | Tuber crops | Forage crops | Root crops |
|
|
|
|
|
Task 5. Complete the following sentences with necessary information from the text.
1. Some crops are grown during one season. They are…
2. Crops providing grain are known as…
3. Soil fertility is increased by growing …
4. Winter feeds for cattle are hay and…
5. In summer cattle should be kept on…
6. Forage crops grow for many seasons; th
24 November 2020
Тема:CROP PRODUCTION
A plant, its parts and their functions
Task 1 . Write down the new words (запишіть нові слова)
above ground portion надземна частина
to absorb поглинати
fibrous мочкуватий
leaf (pl leaves) листок
legume бобові рослини
root коріння
root crop коренеплід
seed насіння, плід
source джерело
stem стебло
sugar beet цукровий буряк
tap стрижневий
to conduct проводити, переміщувати
conditions умови
weak слабкий
Plants are highly important source of food for man and farm animals. They also supply people with clothing, shelter and many other things as well.
To obtain high yields of farm crops it is necessary to study the principal parts of the plant and their functions.
The principal parts of a plant are the root system and the above ground portion consisting of stems, leaves, flowers and seeds.
The root performs two main functions. It absorbs plant nutrients as well as water from the soil and anchors the plant. There are two types of roots: fibrous roots and tap roots. All grain crops have fibrous roots, while tap roots are typical of legumes and root crops. Alfalfa and sugar beets are examples of crops having tap roots.
As to stems and leaves they are usually above the ground. To support leaves and to conduct water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves are the main functions of the stem. The food used by green plants is produced in the leaves through the process known as photosynthesis.
A flower is the part of the plant where seeds are produced. Thus, to produce seeds the plan must have flowers.
All parts of a plant must be developed well in order to function properly. If conditions for plant growth are not favourable the plant will be weak to develop its parts well.
Task 3. Name the parts of the plant
Task4. Answer the following questions (дати відповіді на питання)- ПИСЬМОВО!!!
1. What do roots absorb from the soil?
2. Which crops have fibrous roots?
3. Have legumes fibrous roots?
4. What are the functions of the stem?
5. Where are seeds produced?
6. Why must all parts of a plant be developed well?
Task5. Guess the name of the plant and choose which part of them we eat. (відгадайте рослину і яку її частину ми вживаємо в їжу)- ПИСЬМОВО!!!
Roots | Stem | Leaves | Seed | Flower |
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|
17 November 2020
Тема: Summimg-up on the topic Farming. Animal breeding.
Підсумковий урок по темі Фермерство. Тваринництво.
Do the Final test Виконайте підсумкову роботу
I task Translate into English
Більшість типів ферм виробляють їжу. Молочні ферми отримують молоко, масло, сир від корів,
що пасуться на пасовиськах. Молочні ферми зазвичай розташовані недалеко від
великих міст, щоб молоко вчасно потрапляло на кухні до людей.
II
Match the following English words with their definition:
|
1) farm 2)dairy 3)to milk 4) tank 5)trailer 6)barn 7)herd 8)equipment |
a) covered building for keeping
animals b) container for liquid or gas c) area of land and buildings for
growing crops, raising animals etc d) raised to produce milk e) number of animals (esp. cattle)
feeding or going about together f) things needed for a particular
purpose g) draw milk from the cow h) transport vehicle pulled by a
tractor |
III
Answer the following questions
1. Name some houses
for the cattle.
2. What are the two
ways of keeping bulls?
3. Why do people keep
farm animals?
10 November 2020
Тема: Continuous Tenses (тривалі часи)
1. Часи групи Continuous вживаються для вираження дії як процесу, тобто дії, що триває в момент мовлення або в теперішній період часу (the Present Continuous), тривала в якийсь момент або період часу в минулому (the Past Continuous), триватиме у певний момент або період часу в майбутньому (the Future Continuous).
The Present Continuous Tense
The Continuous Tenses утворюється з допоміжного дієслова to be у відповідній часовій формі (Present, Past, Future) та дієприкметника теперішнього часу (Present Participle) основного дієслова.
Present Participle утворюється додаванням закінчення -ing до інфінітива основного дієслова без частки to.
Дієслова, що закінчуються в інфінітиві на -e, втрачають його перед -ing:
to give — giving
to make — making
У дієсловах, що закінчуються в інфінітиві на приголосний з попереднім коротким наголошеним голосним, перед закінченням -ing кінцевий приголосний подвоюється:
tu run — running
to sit — sitting
to begin — beginning
Якщо дієслово закінчується буквосполученням -іе, то перед -ing, ie змінюється на y:
to lie — lying
to die — dying
1. The Present Continuous вживається для вираження тривалої дії, що відбувається в момент мовлення. Наявність слів, що позначають момент мовлення (now зараз; at this moment у цей момент), не обов'язкова, оскільки сама форма вказує, що дія відбувається в момент мовлення.
Who is reading a book in that room? — Хто читає книжку в тій кімнаті?
2. The Present Continuous вживається для вираження тривалої дії, що відбувається в теперішній час.
She is writing a new book. — Вона (зараз) пише нову книгу.
3. Для вираження запланованої дії у найближчому майбутньому:
We are going to the theatre tonight. —. Ми йдемо в театр сьогодні ввечері.
4. Для вираження наміру:
I'm going to spend ту holidays in the Crimea. — Я збираюся провести канікули в Криму.
5. У Present Continuous не вживаються дієслова to see, to know, to hear, to feel, to want, to like, to understand та деякі інші.
Утворення і вживання минулого тривалого часу
(The Past Continuous Tense)
1. Форми the Past Continuous утворюються аналогічно до форм the Present Continuous, але допоміжне дієслово to be ставиться у формі the Past Indefinite (was, were).
2. The Past Continuous вживається для вираження дії, що тривала в певний момент у минулому. Цей момент може бути визначений:
а) точним позначенням часу, наприклад, at that moment у той момент; at that time у той час, at 7 o'clock yesterday вчора о 7-й годині:
At 7 o'clock we were listening to the radio. — О сьомій годині ми слухали радіо.
Не was not reading a journal at that moment. — Він не читав журнал у топ час.
б) іншою минулою дією, вираженою у the Past Indefinite:
It was raining when I went out. — Коли я вийшов, ішов дощ.
3. Потрібно чітко розрізняти вживання the Past Continuous і Past Indefinite.
Утворення та вживання майбутньго тривалого часу
(The Future Continuous Tense)
1. Форми the Future Continuous утворюються аналогічно до форм the Present Continuous, але до допоміжного дієслова to be додається will. Цей час вживається не дуже часто.
2. Майбутній тривалий час означає тривалу дію в майбутньому: at five o'clock, at that (this) time, at noon (дія відбуватиметься в певний час у майбутньому):
At this time tomorrow my mother will be waiting for me at the school gate. — Завтра у цей час моя мати буде чекати на мене біля шкільних воріт.
They will be translating the text from two till four. — Вони перекладатимуть текст з другої до четвертої години.
3. У розмовній мові замість shall not і will not вживаються скорочені форми shan't і won't:
I shan't be speaking.
4. Певний момент у майбутньому може позначатися точною вказівкою на час або іншою майбутньою дією:
At 10 o'clock we shall be watching a TV program. — Ми будемо дивитися телевізійну програму о десятій годині.
І shall be working when you come back. — Я буду працювати, коли ти повернешся
Task2. Sum up the information. Do the exercises. (Виконайте вправи)
03 November 2020
Тема: Engineering in agriculture.
Task 1.Read and translate the text - (УСНО!!!)
Agricultural engineering – сільськогосподарська інженерія
science of agriculture – наука сільського господарства
Agricultural engineering can be defined as the application of engineering to agriculture but this definition does not cover all the fields it is connected with. Engineering is, in truth, an integral part of the science of agriculture, the present high position of modern agriculture largely depends on. The development of fertile swamp and overflowed lands, the irrigation of arid regions, the construction of new sources of power has become important factors in the development of agriculture in many countries. The invention of the cotton gin, the steel plow, and the tractor has affected not only agriculture, but also many of the economic and social phases of life.At first progress was slow but with the growth of engineering knowledge more and more engineering achievements found useful application in agriculture. Now agriculture cannot be separated from agricultural
Task 2. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian (ПИСЬМОВО!!)
1) All plants need some water.
2) We waited for the train some twenty minutes.
3) You can get this book in airy library.
4) I do not find any English book on the shelf.
5) Is there anybody in die room?
Task 3. Look at the scheme of Agricultural engineering division. (Розгляньте схему та запишіть її в зошити )
Task 4. Match the words to make up expressions according to the text. (З'єднайте слова, щоб утворити вирази відповідно до тексту)
1. Application of. A) agriculture
2. Integral B) lands
3. High. C) engineering
4. Modern D) power
5. Overflowed E) part
6. Source of F) position
7. Social G) phases
27 October 2020
Тема: Agriculture in Ukraine.
Сільське господарство в Україні.
Task 1.Read and translate the text (усно).
Agriculture in Ukraine is one of the most important branches of its economy due to variety of climatic and demographic reasons. The agriculturally used areas take 69,1% of Ukrainian territory. More than half of all planted areas consists of cereal crops – wheat, corn (maize), rice, rye, oat, barley, millet, buckwheat. Furthermore, the main specialization field of Ukrainian agriculture is plant production, particular production of industrial and feed crops: sugar beets and sunflowers. Ukraine is the biggest region of essential oil plants production: roses, lavenders, sages etc. Other agricultural fields, such as gardening, vegetable, melon and wine growing are also good developed in Ukraine.
Nowadays agricultural industry is the base of Ukrainian economy and provides 12 % GDP. Also agricultural industry became the greatest source of currency, that flows to our country and provides the stability of Ukrainian hryvnia.
Agribusiness is the most promising branch in Ukraine. The numbers are impressive: five largest agricultural companies of the country (UkrLandFarming, NCH, Kernel Group, MHP and “Ukrainian Agrarian Investments) own the land fund, that is equal to the area of Slovenia.
Ukraine grows 7 times more grain than coffee around the world. But agriculture includes not only grain, milk and meat. Ukraine is one of the world leaders in the field of nuts cultivation.
It is necessary to notice, that nowadays European Union becomes the main export market for Ukrainian agricultural products. The amount of “agricultural” trade between Ukraine and Russia is almost 5 times lower than between Ukraine and EU.
All these facts confirm, that agricultural industry of Ukraine is one of the most attractive branches for investments.
Task 2. Answer the questions (письмово в робочому зошиті)
1. Why is agriculture one of the most important branches of Ukrainian economy?
2. What crops are the most popular in Ukrainian agriculture?
3. Which another agricultural fields are also good developed in Ukraine?
4. What is the most promising branch in Ukraine?
5. What is the main export market for Ukrainian agricultural products?
Task 3. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words and word combinations.
trade partner, cereal crops, nuts, economy, feed crops
1. The most important ... in Ukraine are: wheat, rye, corn, rice, barley, oat.
2. The variety of climatic and demographic reasons plays a great role in Ukrainian ... .
3. The mostt popular ... in Ukraine are sugar beets and sunflowers.
4. ... cultivation is also very developed in Ukraine.
5. EU is the main ... for Ukraine.
Task 4. Do the test - перейдіть за посиланням!!
https://naurok.com.ua/test/join?gamecode=1139747
16 October 2020
Тема: Farming in Ukraine. Activization of a
new vocabulary.
Task 1. Введення лексики (Записати лексику в зошити!)
acre акр
arable орний
to mix змішувати
horse кінь
gradually поступово
to disappear зникати
to complete конкурувати
predominant переважаючий
useful корисний
to plow орати
to settle оселятися
permanent постійний
sources of food ресурс їжі
hunting полювання
tank контейнер
trailer фургон
barn сарай
herd стадо
equipment обладнання
Task 2. Read and translate the text (Читати , перекладати текст )
There are about 53500 farms in England. Most of them are farms less than
50 acres each. These small farms are family
farms. All the work on the farm is done by the farmer and his family.
The types of the farm in England are different soil and climatic areas.
In the Eastern part of England most farms are arable. The farmers grow
different crops here. They grow grain crops and potatoes, fruits and vegetables
and other crops. In the Western part of the country dairy farms are
predominant.
Most small farms in England are mixed farms on which farmers grow some
crops and keep some farm animals.
In old days most of the work on farms was done by hand or with the help
of horses. Now the work is highly mechanized. Many useful machines are used by
farmers. The soil is plowed with a tractor, crops are planted with different
planting machines, and grain crops are harvested with combines.
Task 3. Match the words to make up
expressions according to the text (З`єднати вирази згідно до тексту)
|
1) family |
|
2)
different |
|
3)
mixed |
|
4)
highly |
|
5)
grain |
|
6)
help of |
|
7)
planting |
|
8)
gradually |
|
a)
horses |
|
b)
crops |
|
c)
farms |
|
d)
disappearing |
|
e)
machines |
|
f)
farms |
|
g)
mechanized |
|
h)
regions |
1) 1. How________________________________________________________?
-
There are about
53500 farms in England.
2) 2. Who________________________________________________________?
-
All the work on
the farm is done by the farmer and his family.
3) 3. What kinds___________________________________________________?
-
.
In the Eastern part of England most farms are arable.
4) 4. Why________________________________________________________?
-
Small farms are gradually disappearing because they
cannot complete with modern big ones.
5) 5. Where
_______________________________________________________?
-
In the Western
part of the country dairy farms are predominant.
Task 5. Match the
following English words with their definition (З`єднайте слова з їх значенням)
|
1)
farm 2)dairy 3)to
milk 4)
tank 5)trailer 6)barn 7)herd 8)equipment |
a)
covered building for keeping animals b)
container for liquid or gas c)
area of land and buildings for growing crops, raising animals etc d)
raised to produce milk e)
number of animals (esp. cattle) feeding or going about together f)
things needed for a particular purpose g)
draw milk from the cow h)
transport vehicle pulled by a tractor |
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